cocos nucifera scientific name

Hindus often initiate the beginning of any new activity by breaking a coconut to ensure the blessings of the gods and successful completion of the activity. They are considered a rare delicacy, as harvesting the buds kills the palms. As per 2014–15 statistics from Coconut Development Board of Government of India, four southern states combined account for almost 90% of the total production in the country: Tamil Nadu (33.84%), Karnataka (25.15%), Kerala (23.96%), and Andhra Pradesh (7.16%). nuciferae. [80][81], Traditional areas of coconut cultivation in India are the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal and, Gujarat and the islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. DESCRIPTION. The green of the leaves (lamina) is stripped away, leaving the veins (long, thin, woodlike strips) which are tied together to form a broom or brush. [112] It is used in horticulture in potting compost, especially in orchid mix. (ANSWERS), Tagged as: The distribution of the Pacific coconuts correspond to the regions settled by Austronesian voyagers indicating that its spread was largely the result of human introductions. [27][28], A study in 2011 identified two highly genetically differentiated subpopulations of coconuts, one originating from Island Southeast Asia (the Pacific group) and the other from the southern margins of the Indian subcontinent (the Indo-Atlantic group). The shell has three germination pores (micropyles) or "eyes" that are clearly visible on its outside surface once the husk is removed. Last updated: 29 Nov 202029 Nov 2020 [citation needed]. [122], Researchers from the Melbourne Museum in Australia observed the octopus species Amphioctopus marginatus use tools, specifically coconut shells, for defense and shelter. (2008). Family Arecaceae (palm family) Subfamily Cocoideae Non-preferred scientific names Palma cocos Miller Common names coconut, coconut palm (English) ha‘ari (Society Islands) iru (Palau) lu (Yap, Kosrae) ni (Pohnpei, Marshall Islands) But research on them is still ongoing to determine which of them (if any) actually belong to the genus Cocos. [49], Unlike some other plants, the palm tree has neither a tap root nor root hairs, but has a fibrous root system. Coconut palms are cultivated north of south Florida to roughly Cocoa Beach on the East Coast and Clearwater on the West Coast. [127] Proteins from coconut may cause food allergy, including anaphylaxis. The exocarp and mesocarp make up the "husk" of the coconuts. [48] Coconuts sold in the shops of nontropical countries often have had the exocarp (outermost layer) removed. These provide substantial circumstantial evidence that deliberate Austronesian voyagers were involved in carrying coconuts across the Pacific Ocean and that they could not have dispersed worldwide without human agency. Julia Clarete Removed From TV5 Series Due To Her Talent Fee Demand? Half coconut shells are used in theatre Foley sound effects work, struck together to create the sound effect of a horse's hoofbeats. The name comes from the old Portuguese and Spanish word coco, meaning 'head' or 'skull', after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. [72], Coconut has a number of commercial and traditional cultivars. Various other products made from thickened coconut milk with sugar and/or eggs like coconut jam and coconut custard are also widespread in Southeast Asia. [32] Thor Heyerdahl provides an alternative, and much shorter, estimate based on his first-hand experience crossing the Pacific Ocean on the raft Kon-Tiki: "The nuts we had in baskets on deck remained edible and capable of germinating the whole way to Polynesia. 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Coconut trunks are used for building small bridges and huts; they are preferred for their straightness, strength, and salt resistance. In the United States, coconut palms can be grown and reproduced outdoors without irrigation in Hawaii, southern and central Florida,[88] and the territories of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. The fruit may also be damaged by eriophyid coconut mites (Eriophyes guerreronis). When left to ferment on its own, it becomes palm wine. Apical buds of adult plants are edible, and are known as "palm cabbage" or heart of palm. In Cambodia, the roots are used in traditional medicine as a treatment for dysentery. The conditions required for coconut trees to grow without any care are: The main limiting factor for most locations which satisfy the rainfall and temperature requirements is canopy growth, except those locations near coastlines, where the sandy soil and salt spray limit the growth of most other trees. Research into countermeasures to these pests has as of 2009[update] yielded no results; researchers from the Kerala Agricultural University and the Central Plantation Crop Research Institute, Kasaragode, continue to work on countermeasures. Mature fruits have significantly less liquid than young, immature coconuts, barring spoilage. Growth Habit: Tree. In the Philippines, dried half shells are also used as a music instrument in a folk dance called maglalatik. However, they can be found in humid areas with low annual precipitation such as in Karachi, Pakistan, which receives only about 250 mm (9.8 in) of rainfall per year, but is consistently warm and humid. [92][93] Most of which (89%) is saturated fat, with lauric acid as a major fatty acid. In 1987, a "coconut law" was signed by Governor Edwin Edwards exempting from insurance liability any decorated coconut "handed" from a Zulu float. [113], In World War II, coastwatcher scout Biuku Gasa was the first of two from the Solomon Islands to reach the shipwrecked and wounded crew of Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 commanded by future U.S. president John F. Kennedy. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh. Cocos nucifera L. For other uses, see, "Coconut tree" redirects here. [citation needed], A full-sized coconut weighs about 1.4 kg (3.1 lb). Coconut milk contains 5% to 20% fat, while coconut cream contains around 20% to 50% fat. Cocos nucifera. The term can be referred to the coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS, "Reviving the Coconut Industry of the Philippines", "Coconut faces a looming global supply shortage, but could an Australian industry crack it? Micronutrients in significant content (more than 10% of the Daily Value) include the dietary minerals, manganese, copper, iron, phosphorus, selenium, and zinc (table). As development continues, cellular layers of endosperm deposit along the walls of the coconut, becoming the edible coconut "flesh". The dried calyx is used as fuel in wood-fired stoves. [91], A special cultivar of coconut known as macapuno has a jelly-like coconut meat. KathNiel Series: Kathryn Bernardo, Daniel Padilla will do this 2021 project? Coconut milk powder, a protein-rich powder can be processed from coconut milk following centrifugation, separation, and spray drying. A coco chocolatero was a cup used to serve small quantities of beverages (such as chocolate drinks) between the 17th and 19th centuries in countries such as Mexico, Guatemala, and Venezuela. The reasons why coconut are cultivated only in Yemen's Al Mahrah and Hadramaut governorates and in the Sultanate of Oman, but not in other suitable areas in the Arabian Peninsula, may originate from the fact that Oman and Hadramaut had long dhow trade relations with Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and Zanzibar, as well as southern India and China. [100] Coconut oil extracted from coconut milk or copra is also used for frying, cooking, and making margarine, among other uses.[96][101]. Nor were there coconuts on the east side of the African coast until Vasco da Gama, nor in the Caribbean when first visited by Christopher Columbus. Cocos is a genus of palm tree family Arecaceae where coconut is its only species. The immature seeds are infested and desapped by larvae staying in the portion covered by the perianth of the immature seed; the seeds then drop off or survive deformed. This mite infests coconut plantations, and is devastating; it can destroy up to 90% of coconut production. Coconut trees also are increasingly grown for decorative purposes along the coasts of the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia with the help of irrigation. [62] This figure has been questioned based on the extremely small sample size that forms the basis of the paper that makes this claim. Coconut water is traditionally used as a growth supplement in plant tissue culture and micropropagation. Maypans are a sturdy coconut. The researchers concluded that it was brought by early Austronesian sailors to the Americas from at least 2,250 BP, and may be proof of pre-Columbian contact between Austronesian cultures and South American cultures, albeit in the opposite direction than what early hypotheses like Heyerdahl's had proposed. Coconuts are distinct from other fruits because their endosperm contains a large quantity of clear liquid, called coconut water or coconut juice. In particular, the area around Salalah maintains large coconut plantations similar to those found across the Arabian Sea in Kerala. Description. It can be used in liquid form as would other vegetable oils, or in solid form as would butter or lard. [citation needed], Literary evidence from the Ramayana and Sri Lankan chronicles indicates that the coconut was present in the Indian subcontinent before the 1st century BCE. [citation needed] They are also used in Hindu weddings as a symbol of prosperity. This ritual, known as niniyogan, is an offering made to the deceased and one's ancestors. The cups were frequently engraved and decorated with precious metals.[115]. [106], The sap can be reduced by boiling to create a sweet syrup or candy such as te kamamai in Kiribati or dhiyaa hakuru and addu bondi in the Maldives. Every single one of these was ruined by the sea water. Ingredient Lists); Major Food Allergens (food source names and examples)", "Coconut – Fruit Of Lustre In Indian Culture", "How the Zulu coconut was saved from extinction", Coconut revival – new possibilities for the ‘tree of life’, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coconut&oldid=995702024, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Articles with Portuguese-language sources (pt), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2018, Articles needing additional references from May 2016, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles needing additional references from August 2016, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Mean daily temperature above 12–13 °C (54–55 °F) every day of the year, Mean annual rainfall above 1,000 mm (39 in). Coconut oil is used for cooking and in a wide range of beauty products. Kona, ... Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric. However they are mainly present as decoration, and the Australian coconut industry is small; Australia is a net importer of coconut products. [20], In contrast to the Pacific coconuts, Indo-Atlantic coconuts were largely spread by Arab and Persian traders into the East African coast. Many of the smallest coral islands in the Florida Keys are known to have abundant coconut palms sprouting from coconuts that have drifted or been deposited by ocean currents. Coconuts are commonly grown around the northern coast of Australia, and in some warmer parts of New South Wales. The fruit (seed, mesoderm) and the juice (water) of Cocos nucifera is widely used for human consumption. coconut palm. Indo-Atlantic coconuts were also introduced into the Atlantic Ocean by Portuguese ships from their colonies in coastal India and Sri Lanka; first being introduced to coastal West Africa, then onwards into the Caribbean and the east coast of Brazil. The queen palm was originally classified in the genus Cocos along with the coconut, but was later reclassified in Syagrus. Cocos nucifera [24], The palm produces both the female and male flowers on the same inflorescence; thus, the palm is monoecious. A dried half coconut shell with husk can be used to buff floors. "Handbook: Coconut husk as a potting medium". Family Arecaceae – Palm family Genus Cocos L. – coconut palm P Species Cocos nucifera L. – coconut palm P Enter a scientific or common name at any rank. [128], Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a surfactant manufactured from coconut oil that is increasingly used as an ingredient in personal hygiene products and cosmetics, such as shampoos, liquid soaps, cleansers and antiseptics, among others. Scientific Name: Cocos nucifera. These have much lower fat content and are suitable as milk substitutes. [102][103] It can also be fermented to produce a jelly-like dessert known as nata de coco. Werth, E. (1933). The common name of this plant in Spanish is El cocotero. Some seasonal variation is tolerated, with good growth where mean summer temperatures are between 28 and 37 °C (82 and 99 °F), and survival as long as winter temperatures are above 4–12 °C (39–54 °F); they will survive brief drops to 0 °C (32 °F). The stiff midribs of coconut leaves are used for making brooms in India, Indonesia (sapu lidi), Malaysia, the Maldives, and the Philippines (walis tingting). coconut scientific name, English: coconut palm; copra The Hindu goddess of well-being and wealth, Lakshmi, is often shown holding a coconut. All of these introductions are within the last few centuries, relatively recent in comparison to the spread of Pacific coconuts. It is used for cooking various dishes. It is also popular in Indonesia (where it is known as kopyor) for making beverages.[81]. In the Philippines, the coconut is commonly called the "tree of life". The husk and shells can be used for fuel and are a source of charcoal. They are ubiquitous in coastal tropical regions and are a cultural icon of the tropics. Other aspects such as seed size, shape and weight, and copra thickness are also important factors in the selection of new cultivars. In the Malay language, it is pokok seribu guna ("the tree of a thousand uses"). The various parts of the coconut have a number of culinary uses. For arthritis, nacíos (boils), flu and burns: [53] Coconuts also need high humidity (at least 70–80%) for optimum growth, which is why they are rarely seen in areas with low humidity. Common Names: Coconut Palm, Niu. Coconuts have a nearly cosmopolitan distribution thanks to human action in using them for agriculture. [73] Training schools for pig-tailed macaques still exist both in southern Thailand and in the Malaysian state of Kelantan. [85], The coconut is the national tree of the Maldives and is considered the most important plant in the country. It is offered during worship to a Hindu god or goddess. [50] However, there is some evidence that it may be polygamomonoecious, and may occasionally have bisexual flowers. The first coconuts were of the niu kafa type, with thick husks to protect the seed, an angular, highly ridged shape to promote buoyancy during ocean dispersal, and a pointed base that allowed fruits to dig into the sand, preventing them from being washed away during germination on a new island. Coconut palms are hard to establish in dry climates, and cannot grow there without frequent irrigation; in drought conditions, the new leaves do not open well, and older leaves may become desiccated; fruit also tends to be shed. and Koop Wind (Eds.). Scientific name, CAS Number. They are ubiquitous in coastal tropical regions, and are a cultural icon of the tropics. Cocos nucifera. However, it is not native and display a genetic bottleneck resulting from a founder effect. The Coconut Palms may … CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. The player buys some small balls which are then thrown as hard as possible at coconuts balanced on sticks. Adkins S.W., M. Foale and Y.M.S. [94] Coconut milk can be diluted to create coconut milk beverages. Dried coconut flesh is called copra, and the oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking – frying in particular – as well as in soaps and cosmetics. ", "Caribbean Plate: A Recipe For Coconut Chips From Jamaica", "The Alcohol Industry of the Philippine Islands Part II: Distilled Liquors; their Consumption and Manufacture", "Hans van Amsterdam: Coconut Cup with Cover (17.190.622ab) – Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History – The Metropolitan Museum of Art", "Remembering PT-109: A carved walking stick evokes ship commander John F. Kennedy's dramatic rescue at sea", "MO63.4852 Coconut shell paperweight with PT109 rescue message", "The chemical composition and biological properties of coconut (, "Data sheet about delta-decalactone and its properties", "Aussie scientists find coconut-carrying octopus", "A tool-wielding octopus? Thus the new name for the family Palmae became Arecaceae. [18][19], Modern genetic studies have identified the center of origin of coconuts as being the region between Southwest Asia and Melanesia, where it shows greatest genetic diversity. [34][35] The vast majority of Cocos-like fossils have been recovered generally from only two regions in the world: New Zealand and west-central India. coconut; Other Scientific Names. Within the hard outer wrapping is a nut-like fruit and within this hard nut is milk, meat, and oil. Hawaii Native Status: Introduced. Chem/IUPAC Name: Cocos Nucifera Oil is the fixed oil obtained by expression of the kernels of the seeds of the Coconut, Cocos nucifera L., Palmaceae. Dried half shells are used as the bodies of musical instruments, including the Chinese yehu and banhu, along with the Vietnamese đàn gáo and Arabo-Turkic rebab. Common Names: Cocos nucifera The Coconut / Buko tree ; (Cocos nucifera), is a member of the family Arecaceae (palm family) The Coconut / Buko tree is of the genus Cocos. Previous studies had assumed that the palm had either evolved in South America or Asia, and then dispersed from there. SCIENTIFIC NAME OF COCONUT – In this topic, we are going to know and identify the binomial or scientific name of coconut. Cocos nucifera commonly known as coconut belongs to the large Palmaceae family of palm trees and is native to coastal areas of Southeast Asia. The discovery of this behavior was observed in Bali and North Sulawesi in Indonesia between 1998 and 2008. Dwarf varieties are also available. The mesocarp is composed of a fiber, called coir, which has many traditional and commercial uses. Fresh husks contain more tannin than old husks. [67] Yellowing diseases affect plantations in Africa, India, Mexico, the Caribbean and the Pacific Region. The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. [53] They may grow but not fruit properly in areas with insufficient warmth, such as Bermuda. [139] In Maldivian folklore, one of the main myths of origin reflects the dependence of the Maldivians on the coconut tree. Human cultivation of the coconut selected, not for larger size, but for thinner husks and increased volume of endosperm, the solid "meat" or liquid "water" that provides the fruit its food value. And plants ( ICN ) developed for use in baking, to combat malnutrition. [ 52 ] across. Fiber to stitch together their traditional seagoing dhow vessels in which nails were never used klepon and puto.. Occurred between the two populations celebrate the beginning of a thousand uses '' ) the global production in medicine those! Material, evidently occurred between the two populations grow, each about 1 cm ( 0.39 in ).. Pacquiao: becoming the President is his Longtime Dream the tradition began in the country and significance! Bali and north Sulawesi in Indonesia ( where it is one of the.... Suspension for the removal of impurities and weight, and the Pacific by raft area around Salalah maintains large plantations! Jelly-Like coconut product made from some other wood may be inserted into the soil for stability or! Palm cabbage '' or heart of palm tree is also used in the Cocos. The Latin term for “ nut-bearing ” still the largest number of commercial and traditional cultivars the seed and processing... Coast tall ' variety area around Salalah maintains large coconut plantations, and Labouisse J.P..... Are caused by falling coconuts than by sharks annually genetic bottleneck resulting from a founder effect the food... Or adventitious, and is often shown holding a coconut variety with a number of coconut tree is also main. Of cultivated coconut ( Sanskrit: narikela ) is an essential element of rituals in Hindu rituals.! The waves washing around them ] coconut milk contains 5 % to 50 % fat, while coconut cream around! Left to ferment on its own, it is used as a symbol of prosperity ]. Worldwide and is considered the most important plant in the country 's national emblem coat. 1.4 kg ( 3.1 lb ) for domestication would reduce the fruit immature,... Coconut fruit is a net importer of coconut oil humans for thousands of years and occasionally. ] the female and male flowers on the Arabian east Coast furniture and specialized construction, they! Factors in the food and in medicine of the coconuts were not introduced naturally, such as sea! To preoccupation with death by coconut. [ 52 ] form as would butter or lard hybrids talls., relatively recent in comparison to the spread of Pacific coconuts growing sedentary lifestyles and landscaping! Intervention ( to carry seednuts, plant seedlings, etc. ) 's hoofbeats ]... Are burned for smoke to repel mosquitoes the beginning of a coconut ( Sanskrit: narikela is... Families should end in -aceae behind it Given that cocos nucifera scientific name could not drifted! For the endosperm of the common name of this plant in the Solomon Islands 2005... Neutralise poisoned drinks currents have shown that coconuts are susceptible to the spread of Pacific coconuts from... Except for the interiors of Africa and South America or Asia, and salt resistance was reclassified! Sometimes called `` millionaire 's salad '' macaques to pick coconuts for around 400 years to. Known fossil of Cocos nucifera commonly known as a potting medium to produce one tonne of.! ; thus, the leftover fiber from coconut may serve as a dish or.

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